Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: Good day everyone, and welcome to the Sono-Tek Corporation Fiscal Year 2027 Mid-Year Results Conference Call. All participants will be in a listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by zero. After today’s presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star and then one on your touchtone phones. To withdraw your questions, you may press star and two. Please also note today’s event is being recorded. At this time, I’d like to turn the floor over to Kirin Smith with PCG Advisory. Please go ahead.

Kirin Smith, Advisor, PCG Advisory: Thank you, Jamie, and thank you everyone for joining us today. Sono-Tek released their second quarter and first half fiscal 2027 results this morning. If you do not have a copy of the release, please visit the company’s website at www.sono-tek.com and navigate to the investors section. The product market and geography sales tables on the last page of the release will be part of today’s discussion. With me on the call today are Dr. Chris Coccio, Executive Chairman, Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, and Steve Bagley, Chief Financial Officer. Before turning the call over to management, I would like to make the following remarks concerning forward-looking statements. Please note that various remarks that may be made on this conference call about future expectations, plans, and prospects for the company constitute forward-looking statements for the purposes of safe harbor provisions under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Actual results may vary materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors, including those discussed in the company’s filings with the SEC. The company assumes no obligation to update the information contained in this conference call. As a reminder, this is our second quarter and first half call for the period ended August 31, 2026. Our next call will be our full year fiscal 2027 update for the period ended February 28, 2027, and will be held in May 2027. I would now like to turn the call over to Chris Coccio, Executive Chairman of Sono-Tek. Chris, please go ahead.

Dr. Chris Coccio, Executive Chairman, Sono-Tek Corporation: Thank you, Kieran, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us today to review Sono-Tek’s fiscal second quarter and the first half 2027 results. Steve Harshbarger will review the operational performance and business trends, and then Steve Bagley will provide more detail on the financial results. The first half of fiscal 2027 represented solid progress for Sono-Tek, with revenue growth, meaningful gross margin expansion, and improved operating profitability. Our balance sheet also remains very strong with no debt. Our results also reflect an important shift in the composition of our business, with particularly strong growth in the medical market and increasing demand for higher value production systems. For the first half, revenue increased 6% to approximately $10.9 million. Gross margin expanded to 55%, compared to 51% in the prior year period. Operating income increased 41% to approximately $1.28 million, and net income increased 22% to approximately $1.1 million.

The medical market sales increased 289% to approximately $7.1 million. The medical market continues to be an important growth driver for the company. We are seeing customers increasingly move from process development and qualification towards commercial manufacturing, where Sono-Tek’s precision ultrasonic coating technology can play a critical role. At the same time, we continue to see opportunities to expand our install base and our relationships with customers as their production requirements grow. I also want to highlight the significance of the recent orders we announced from an existing alternative energy customer. We recently announced three orders totaling approximately $7.2 million, which cover 10 production scale systems and represent the largest aggregate customer order in Sono-Tek’s history. What is particularly important about this order is that it represents an expansion of an established customer relationship.

The customer has successfully deployed our technology in an alternative energy manufacturing process and is now expanding its use of Sono-Tek production systems across three geographic locations. This is a good example of the long-term opportunity we see across our business, supporting customers as they move from development into higher volume manufacturing and then expanding our relationships as their processes scale. Together with the more than $3.6 million medical diagnostic production line order announced in August, these programs alone now represent more than $10.79 million of backlog, with the majority currently expected to be delivered in FY 2028. Importantly, these opportunities involve different customers and two distinct growth markets, medical devices and alternative energy. While the timing of individual production system orders can result in variability from quarter to quarter, we believe the increasing scale of these opportunities demonstrates the long-term potential of our technology and our customer relationships.

With that overview, I’ll turn the call over to Steve Harshbarger, our CEO and President. Steve?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Thank you, Chris, and good morning, everybody. As Chris highlighted, we had a solid first half with continued progress across several important areas of the business. Our results reflected strong medical sector demand, a higher value production systems, improved gross margins, and disciplined execution across the whole organization.

For the first half, revenue increased 6% to $10.9 million, while gross profit increased 14% to approximately $6 million. Gross margin expanded to 55%, and operating income increased 41%. Perhaps, and most importantly, we continue to see our encouraging demand for our technology in applications where customers are moving beyond development and into production. The medical market was the largest contributor to our first half growth. Medical sales increased 289% to approximately $7.1 million, and demand was driven by continued activity in drug-eluting balloon coating systems, specialty stent applications, and other medical device coating applications. We are seeing increasing adoption of our technologies as customers move from development and qualification into commercial manufacturing. That transition is really important because production applications involve larger, more sophisticated systems, and they can create opportunities for follow-on equipment, services, and additional production lines as customers’ volumes increase.

From a production perspective, Multi-Axis Coating Systems were a significant contributor to our first half growth, increasing approximately 50%, and that was driven primarily by specialty medical coating systems. OEM Systems also increased approximately 67%, and that was supported by demand from our European fluxing OEM partner and a China-based semiconductor OEM customer. In-Line Coating Systems declined 14% for the first half, and that’s primarily reflecting the difficult comparison with the prior year, when we had six high ASP systems that were totaling about $4.4 million that were shipped. While product line results can vary significantly based on the timing of these larger, high ASP system shipments, the underlying demand for high-value production platforms remains very encouraging. We also saw continued improvement in our industrial business, which increased approximately 156% during the first half, and that was influenced by an optics-related shipment to the defense sector.

This defense sector is going to be an area that we will continue to put increased focus on in the coming years. Alternative energy in the first half reflected reduced demand associated with changes in government policy and spending, and that was related to green hydrogen, electrolysis in fuel cell applications. However, we continue to view alternative energy as a meaningful long-term opportunity, and our recent $7.19 million order announcement that Dr. Coccio just touched upon earlier is a very good example of why we continue to believe in the long-term potential in this market. These orders are from an existing customer that has successfully deployed Sono-Tek technology in an advanced clean energy manufacturing process. The customer continues to expand that deployment into additional production lines across three geographic locations. The 10 systems are currently expected to ship primarily during fiscal 2028.

This continued expansion demonstrates the strength of our business model, where successful process development leads to high volume manufacturing opportunities and additional orders as our customers expand their production capabilities. On August 31st, our backlog was approximately $9.5 million, and that’s up 23% from the end of the fiscal quarter. Since quarter end, the three new clean energy orders totaling $7.19 million have substantially increased our backlog in Q3 FY 2027. A significant amount of this backlog is currently expected to ship in fiscal 2028. Importantly, the recent alternative energy orders, as well as that previously announced medical diagnostic production line order that was more than $3.6 million, represents two different customers in two distinct markets. With approximately five months or so remaining before the beginning of fiscal 2028, we still have additional time to build upon this backlog even further.

Now, turning to our outlook, we are reiterating our expectation for flat to modest revenue growth through this current FY 2027. As we’ve discussed previously, the timing of several large production systems orders can create variability for us from quarter to quarter. At the same time, we continue to see encouraging demand, particularly in medical devices and by the increasing value and scale of these systems we’re supplying. Our focus remains on supporting our customers as they move from development into commercial manufacturing, expanding our install base, and continuing to invest in engineering, application development, and commercial capabilities. The recent record order activity also gives us increased visibility in FY 2028, while we continue to pursue additional opportunities across medical, microelectronics, industrial, and alternative energy applications.

Lastly, our balance sheet remains pristine, with cash continuing to grow and no outstanding debt, positioning us really nicely for further execution on our growth strategy. With that, I’ll now turn the call over to Steve Bagley, our CFO, for a financial review of the results.

Steve Bagley, Chief Financial Officer, Sono-Tek Corporation: Very good. Thank you, Steve, and good morning, everyone. I’ll begin with some additional detail on our financial performance for the second quarter and first half of FY 2027. For the second quarter ended August 31, 2026, total revenue was approximately $5.23 million, compared with $5.16 million for the prior year period, and that is an increase of $69,000. For the first half, revenue increased 6% to approximately $10.9 million, and that compares with $10.3 million in the first half of FY 2026. The first half increase was driven primarily by the significant increase in medical market sales and higher sales of Multi-Axis and OEM Systems. Gross profit for the second quarter was approximately $2.8 million, and that’s an increase of approximately 7% from the prior year. Gross profit margin was approximately 53% in the second quarter, primarily reflecting an unusually favorable and geographic mix.

For the first half, gross profit increased 14% to approximately $6 million, while the gross profit margin expanded to 55%, and that compares with 51% in the prior year period. The improvement in gross profit margin reflects a favorable product and geographic mix, including a higher contribution from medical systems and other higher-value production equipment. Gross margins can vary significantly from period to period based on a specific system shipped, customer and geographic mix, distributor involvement, installation requirements, and other factors. Accordingly, the gross margin levels achieved during the first half of FY 2027 should not necessarily be viewed as indicative of margins expected in future periods. Now a review of our operating expenses, which remained well-controlled as we continue to invest in the business.

Research and product development costs increased in the second quarter of FY 2027 due to increases in employee health insurance, R&D materials, and other engineering expenses. For the first half, R&D costs remained steady at approximately $1.3 million compared to the prior year, as the costs I just mentioned were partially offset by decreases in some salaries and supplies. Marketing and selling expenses increased in both the second quarter and first half of FY 2027 due to increases in salary related to our sales application lab, our forward deployed engineering group, employee health insurance, and trade show expenses. Our sales and marketing costs are variable, and a large portion of the costs are dependent on trade shows and where geographically our sales are generated.

General and administrative expenses increased in both the second quarter and first half of FY 2027 due to increases in salaries, employee health insurance, corporate expenses, and stock-based compensation, and legal and accounting fees. Our operating income for the second quarter decreased by 9% or $39,000 to $382,000 due to an increase in operating expenses. However, first half operating income increased 41% to approximately $1.28 million, compared with approximately $905,000 in the prior year. This improvement reflects the combination of higher revenue, improved gross margin, and disciplined expense management. Net income for the first half increased 22% to approximately $1.11 million, compared with approximately $909,000 in the prior year. Our balance sheet remains very strong, and as of August 31, 2026, cash and marketable securities totaled approximately $17.7 million, and that compares with $14.8 million at the end of FY 2026. We continue to have no debt.

The strength of our balance sheet provides us with the flexibility to continue investing in the business, support working capital requirements associated with larger production system orders, and pursue opportunities to expand our capabilities. As Steve discussed, backlog at August 31 was approximately $9.5 million, representing a 23% increase from the end of the first quarter. Following quarter end, we received three additional orders totaling approximately $7.19 million. Those orders, together with the previously announced medical diagnostic production line order of more than $3.6 million, significantly increases the backlog heading into FY 2028. Overall, we believe that our balance sheet and backlog position the company very well as we move through the remainder of FY 2027 and prepare for our next fiscal year. With that, I’ll turn it back over to Steve. Thank you.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Thanks, Steve. To summarize, we believe the first half demonstrated continued progress in the business. We delivered revenue growth, meaningful gross margin expansion, and stronger operating profit. While the medical market continued to be a significant growth driver. At the same time, we are seeing increasing evidence of customers moving from development into commercial manufacturing, which can create opportunities for larger and more sophisticated production systems. This recent record clean energy order is an excellent example of this progression, and together with the medical diagnostic program, provides significant early visibility into FY 2028. Our priorities remain super straightforward. We execute well for our customers. We continue expanding our installed base and invest selectively in our technology and commercial capabilities, and capitalize on opportunities in microelectronics, medical, industrial, and alternative energy applications. With that, we’ll open the call for questions.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: At this time, we’ll begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press star and then one on your touch-tone phones. If you are using a speakerphone, we do ask that you please pick up the handset before pressing the keys. To withdraw your questions, you may press star and two. Once again, that is star and then one to join the question queue. We’ll pause momentarily to assemble the roster. Once again, that is star and then one to ask a question. Our first question today comes from Bill Nicklin from Bill White Insights. Please go ahead with your question.

Bill Nicklin, Analyst, Bill White Insights: Hey, good morning.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Good morning, Bill.

Bill Nicklin, Analyst, Bill White Insights: All right. Thanks for taking my questions. It looks as though the majority of your high ASP orders are coming from opportunities where you become fully integrated into your customers’ production lines. You think that’s a fair assessment, and maybe there should be some kind of a breakout going forward to show that these are integrated orders? Because it appears to me that the integrated orders create kind of a flywheel effect where you can get a new customer, but then you get these continuing orders without getting a new customer. So I wonder if you would comment on that and kind of how it affects your outlook for the next months and years.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Sure. It does, because it certainly makes a difference of where we’re going to be putting our investments. We have a substantial amount of cash, as you know, on hand. I think there’s a couple of areas where we’ll continue to invest as our business grows and our financial position strengthens. First, I should point that people are always saying, "Hey, where are you going to put that money?" On the acquisition side, we continue to have both inbound and outbound activity, and that’s really nothing new for Sono-Tek. Given the nature of our business, we’ve always had companies approaching us, and we’re always going to keep an eye on opportunities, you might say, for potential opportunities. I would say that activity certainly has picked up in that area for our business and is certainly gaining momentum there.

I certainly want to emphasize, though, although that we proactively continue looking at acquisition opportunities, we’re really focusing only on companies that we really know very well. These are areas where we have a great understanding of the markets and the business. We’re not looking to venture into areas too far away from what’s our core understanding. Probably more interestingly, is where we’re going to look to invest organically. That kind of goes back more to the core of your question, that the core ultrasonic technology business, that’s the foundation of a business, and we’ll certainly make unique investments there. Over the last several years, we’re really starting to put a much greater emphasis on expanding our systems integration capabilities, which is what you were just talking about there, particularly through our forward deployed engineering team or that FDE team, as we call it.

What this team does, and it does it with excellence, it’s really to work very closely with customers to take our existing ultrasonic technology and integrate it into much larger, more sophisticated production platforms. That’s been a really important change in our business. Instead of just selling, say, a coating system, we’re increasingly providing a much more complete production solutions. Of course, that translates then into significantly higher ASPs, higher average selling prices, basically. What’s exciting for us, I think, there is now that we’ve proven this model works finally. We’re seeing that these large production platform orders, they’re coming our way more frequently. We believe our investments in the integration and capabilities are really a big part of that reason why.

Just to give you an idea of our commitment here, maybe it was 2 and a half years ago, I should say, our FDE team consisted of just one person, and now today, we’re up to 4 people on that team. I would expect us to continue expanding their capabilities over the next year or two. There’s another really important reason why we’re putting more resources in that particular area and that return on investment. When we invest in developing the next major innovation, say, in our core ultrasonic technology in areas like that, it can take, I don’t know, 5, maybe 6 years before that investment really starts having a really meaningful impact on our business. When we invest in our integration capabilities, what we find is we can start seeing meaningful return in as little as maybe just one or two years.

That’s a pretty significant difference, in my opinion. Again, don’t get me wrong, both types of investments are very important to us, and we certainly don’t back away from developing in the new ultrasonic coating technology area. But I like the idea of our decades of investment that we’ve already made in our ultrasonic coating technology with this strategy. Leveraging that is super important to us. We’re not necessarily having to invent something new every time we want to grow. We already developed something that’s really pretty remarkable technology, and now we’re really investing in the engineering capabilities that allow us to take technology into much larger production platforms. What we’re finding is that these investments are showing to generate a return much more quickly than, say, a typical traditional R&D investment from us.

We’re really getting more commercial value out of the technology that we’ve already spent these decades of time developing. I believe that’s going to be one of the most important investments areas for Sono-Tek over the next few years for us. I know that was kind of long-winded, Bill, but hopefully that gave you a little bit of an overview.

Bill Nicklin, Analyst, Bill White Insights: I like it. You touched on a couple questions I haven’t even asked yet. That’s pretty good.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah.

Bill Nicklin, Analyst, Bill White Insights: In my mind, if you look at these larger integrated orders, it’s really an indication of a flywheel effect, where it’s not like you have to go out and get a new customer each time you want to get an order. Your FDEs are out there getting new orders, but they’re also working with customers where as your customer expands, they pretty much have to come to you.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah.

Bill Nicklin, Analyst, Bill White Insights: You’re getting a double effect. You’re getting a new customer, but then you’re getting this follow-on business, because if you’re integrated with their manufacturing, the odds are if their manufacturing grows, your orders are going to grow.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: That’s exactly right. This last order that we just announced for $7.2 million is really a prime example of that. That’s a customer that we walked through, in the R&D phase very successfully and in the pilot line phase. Then we developed a really sophisticated high-volume production system for them. That sold well. They loved it, but it doesn’t end there. As that customer has success, the orders keep coming because every production line that they build, we are attached at the hip with them, because we are their coating expert. It really changes our business model significantly when you start having customers like that, where you have these integrated partners to you.

Bill Nicklin, Analyst, Bill White Insights: Good. Following on that, back to your whole forward deployed engineering strategy, I think you said you had four full-time forward deployed engineers now. What might you have a year to 18 months from now, and what does that indicate about the momentum you see in your business?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. Well, now that we have proven the model is successful, there’s no doubt about it now. We put the first guy in there, it worked really well. Then we doubled it to 2, and then we doubled it to 4. I should say it’s 4 people in total. There’s one support technician in there with 3 actual forward deploy engineers. That we’ve proven that model works. We’re getting these significantly large orders, and now we’re going to be doubling down on that. That we’re going to be continuing to add this more personnel into there and continuing to make that bet, because there’s still the demand on the demand side that is pulling us there. As long as we see our customer base pulling us into that area and wanting it and desiring it, there’s no reason for us not to double down on that.

We haven’t really said exactly how many we’re going to be hiring there, but I wouldn’t be surprised to see that team doubled in another year or two, maybe even quicker. The challenge for us there is mostly that these are really skilled, experienced people with our technology and how to do integration. So finding them is always a little bit of a challenge. But we have some great guys in that area that I think are in the pathway to join that team.

Bill Nicklin, Analyst, Bill White Insights: Great. That sounds promising. I appreciate it. Thank you.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Good chatting, Bill. Take care.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: Our next question today comes from Dick Ryan from Oak Ridge Financial. Please go ahead with your question.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hey, morning. Dick, you there?

Dick Ryan, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: I was break. I had a bad-

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: Mr. Ryan, it seems that your line is breaking up. If you could give us a call back, disconnect and rejoin, we can get you back in the question queue. Our next question does come from Ted Jackson from Northland Securities. Please go ahead with your question.

Ted Jackson, Analyst, Northland Securities: Thanks. Good morning, guys.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hey, how’s it going, Ted?

Ted Jackson, Analyst, Northland Securities: Oh, couldn’t be better. I love these days, reporting seasons for companies that are doing well. I got a few questions. I wanted to start out just with the medical market. You’ve had a lot of success there. The company, its initial success was really in the coating of stents, and you’ve kind of done two things with it, is you’ve upped the game in terms of the kind of systems you sell and the ASP to them, and then you’ve expanded into the balloon market. I guess I’m curious, do you see additional opportunity in these medical balloons? Do you see different applications beyond the two that you’ve had the success with and what those might be? I guess I’m asking, is there an opportunity for you to expand the customer count with regards to this newer balloon opportunity?

Then maybe some discussion about other things where you feel you’re well-positioned. I think things like implants and such would be logical. So that’s my first question. Thanks.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Sure. It’s a good question because the medical market’s really evolving for us quickly these days. What in basic happened is, we gained all this high volume production expertise in the clean energy sector, and that was primarily in the electrolysis area for things like fuel cells. As that market started to shift with government policy and slow down for us in that particular sector, we’ve immediately then shifted resources over to the medical sector. What that allowed us to do is to take product lines like this developing drug-eluting balloon product line that we make machines for, and could develop a system that was much more extensive and had a lot more capabilities than say, like our stent coating systems.

When we first started going into the stent coating market, we sold relatively small systems because that was what capabilities we had internally at that time, so we were selling maybe $75,000 to $100,000 systems. Entering into the balloon market, where we now had a lot more capabilities internally, to offer the customer a much larger package that had a lot more offerings to it. All of a sudden, the ASP of these machines took off much higher, so they were more in the quarter million dollar to $300,000 area. The customers wanted that really. They would’ve even liked to have it back in the days for the stent coating market, but we didn’t have that capabilities at that time. As we enter into DEB, which is, I have to say, I wouldn’t call it its infancy, but it’s coming out of its infancy.

This is a market that’s really maturing right now, that we are, what I would consider, the industry leader for coating drug-eluting balloons. The largest companies in that area pretty much use Sono-Tek machines for that process. Not everyone, but a good chunk of the major ones use us for that process. I think there’s a lot of more road ahead of that when we look at their forecast from our customers, if things go as they plan, we should be able to continue to support them as they add on additional manufacturing lines. That is their intent in the future for most of our customers in that particular market. What’s probably more exciting for me, though, is that most of these companies that make the drug-eluting balloons or make the stents, also make other medical devices, as you’ve indicated.

They make, whether it’s heart valves or internal meshes that go into the body, or diabetes devices, that so many of these devices now need thin film coatings onto them that prove some sort of functionality. Sono-Tek is no longer now being considered, say, a stent coating company. Now we’re being considered a medical device implantable company, and one that has the capabilities for high volume production, and it’s proven. Our customer base sees these press releases out there, and they know we’re shipping to the largest medical device companies in the world, and they see that we’re a financially stable company. It brings this huge amount of credibility.

Customers that wouldn’t have necessarily come to us in the past now have a very high level of confidence coming to us with their next gen medical device to bring it into our lab and prove it in. That’s something we have happening on a weekly basis here, where somebody’s bringing their next gen medical device in and proving it in. As those get proven in, they’ll prove their R&D sector, and then they’ll go through FDA, and then they’ll be in the production line, and that’s where we start to really see the benefit of selling multiple machines at high ASPs.

Ted Jackson, Analyst, Northland Securities: Well, that’s pretty exciting.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. It’s super exciting. To see what you hope for actually happening, is super exciting to see that actually go through successfully.

Ted Jackson, Analyst, Northland Securities: Then, it ties into this, I think, in somewhat, but you talked a bit in your prepared remarks about a lot of excitement in developing markets and new things that were coming. Is that excitement that’s driving that commentary from you greater than these newer opportunities in the medical market? Maybe some discussion on other areas where you have some enthusiasm. I know in the past you’ve kind of bounced around some of the next gen display stuff, but maybe some color with regards to what you’re excited about for new markets that Sono-Tek really hasn’t tapped yet.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. There is most definitely a plethora of new applications that are outside of what we’ve announced. As an example, like the defense sector has a lot of applications that are out there that we can have a nice fit into. The microelectronic sector, including semiconductor, has a lot of nice applications. Then there’s a lot of them that are, what I would describe, a little bit more in the infancy, but have huge upside potential like we’ve spoken before, like the MicroLED markets or the insulation market for conductive coatings. These are all areas that companies, not just Sono-Tek, but other associated companies, are putting many millions of dollars of investment into this. So if you’re making, say, a large cell phone company or a display company, they all have these very active and expensive R&D programs, which Sono-Tek is now very often part of.

They all won’t be home runs, but the ones that are successful, we are more than likely to be the chosen technology, because we’re the one that’s proven on the R&D and pilot line level. When they pull the trigger to go to high volume, it’s sometimes difficult for us to predict because it’s not within our control. This is the transition of them developing the whole product and bringing it to market. When they do it, we see the benefit. Now we’re starting to see that happen with many of our customers. Things that we were working on two, three, four years ago, all of a sudden, it’s got their approvals.

They’ve got, whether it’s a large phone manufacturer or a TV manufacturer, has said, "Hey, yes, we’re going to make the switch to this technology, and Sono-Tek will be the standard." It’s spread over a large breadth of industries. But the concept of us getting in on the R&D level, proving it, making it work well, building a relationship where the customer we’re attached at the hip, then them transitioning to high volume production is the real strategy. It’s almost always focused on the high-tech industry sectors primarily. That’s really where we’re putting our focus in.

Ted Jackson, Analyst, Northland Securities: Okay. My final question, just to refresh on the capacity in your current facility. I know you’ve gone through a number of expansions and sort of restructurings to bring it up. Where do you stand with regards to what you can produce out of your current footprint, and how long do you think that will last?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. We are intending to start what we consider a major expansion, at the end of this current calendar year. It’d be December, maybe January, where we’ll start actually making things happen there. I actually have a meeting tomorrow on this, because with these latest orders, it’s kind of accelerated things to get things going quicker. That will allow us to take our existing manufacturing footprint from approximately what we believe is around $27 million, capped up to around $33 million to $36 million peak within our existing buildings that we’re in today. That entails pretty much building a mezzanine structure, and also doing some optimization, I should point out, of our manufacturing flow. We’re in several buildings, so optimizing the flow of our manufacturing will really bring us some efficiencies.

Following that, we still have one building here on our campus that we do not occupy, and we have a very short-term lease on it, of which that will be the last phase, and that would take us up to around $44 million to $45 million in manufacturing capability. That is on the radar. We have a plan in place for that. We have not started or implemented that, but we have a plan in place for that retrofit as well. Due to this increased frequency of these larger, higher ASP orders now coming in, we do have to start thinking about, well, where do we go from 45 to get up to 85? So we are going to have to start that process coming up here in that planning phase.

We will not start the building phase or anything like that, but we will have to start that planning phase, in particular because some of the orders coming in now, it only takes three or four orders that are significant size that could require us to make a significant structural move for more space. So we have got to at least have it on paper, a plan in place to be able to take it to that next phase. But that will be something that I am looking forward to, having that prepared for us. It is not like the old days where if you got two or three more orders, it did not make any significant difference. Now, if we get two, three, four more orders of these multimillion-dollar systems, it all of a sudden makes a big shift in our outlook.

Ted Jackson, Analyst, Northland Securities: Okay. All right. Well, thanks for taking the time to answer my questions.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hey, good catching up, Ted.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: And our next question comes from Dan Dufault from Oak Ridge Financial. Please go ahead with your question.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hey, Dan.

Sam Dufault, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: Hey, guys. It’s Sam. Going to field some questions on-

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Oh, Sam. How you doing, Sam?

Sam Dufault, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: Good. How are you guys?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Doing good, thanks.

Sam Dufault, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: Yeah. Congrats on the quarter. I guess my question, I’ll kind of leapfrog off Ted’s question on the capacity side. You mentioned the mezzanine structure, kind of building out some of that capacity. What’s some of the capital requirement you guys anticipate spending to get this expansion underway?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: The initial CapEx we had estimated at around $700,000, of which we are optimistically thinking that we are probably going to get New York State to be able to participate maybe with $150,000 to $200,000 as part of that. That’s just for that initial mezzanine phase, Sam. Then for retrofitting the next building, which is the building we don’t occupy, that will also be somewhere in the area of about a $600,000 CapEx investment. So it’s not huge dollars, but it’s significant enough that we want to do it at the right timing for us here. And of course, the first phase is going to be underway no matter what. That’s kind of a decision that we’ve already said we have to do it. There’s no choice.

Sam Dufault, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: Got it. Do you think or anticipate the state helping out with that phase 2 at all, or mostly just on the phase 1 for now?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: I would hope they would. As we grow, and in particular, as we start thinking, getting from the 30 to 40 and then 40 to 80 type of model, we have to at least consider other options outside of New York State. We’ve also already been looking and talking to places like South Carolina. There’s a lot of very attractive incentives to manufacture outside of New York State as at least an expansion. So maybe we would have two locations. With those incentives, I would hope New York would give us at least close to equally attractive incentives to encourage us not to leave and set up manufacturing in a less expensive area. But we have to do the responsible thing and look at both options, and then from there, we’ll make a final decision.

I think that we’ll continue to see state sponsorship or contributions, I should say, whether it’s in New York or alternative states, I think we will see contributions to help our expansion.

Sam Dufault, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: Got it. Then, on the margin side, you guys have seen some elevated gross margins over the last few quarters. How much of that can you attribute to whether it’s the selling mix versus some structural advantages now with the higher ASP machines?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. It’s a little bit of both, but I think the most significant impacts we see there is we’re finding on these high ASP production machines that the value we bring is very significant, and that’s in the applications expertise and all these additional things we’re able to add on for the capabilities of our machines. The customers are willing to pay for that increased value. So they definitely drive higher ASPs and better gross margins. But where it really starts to impact the gross margin is not on machine number one, it’s on machine number two through 15. By then, we start to optimize the costs after machine number one, and we can really start to drive margins higher. So repeat high ASP machine orders are kind of the best case scenario for us.

It just happens to be that a lot of those, at least initial customer-wise, are ending and landing in the U.S. marketplace. A lot of our customers have been onshoring recently, especially these high-tech accounts. That certainly is not a bad thing for Sono-Tek because our costs become better from a standpoint of eliminating distributor discounts that take place when they go overseas that very often happen. So it’s definitely a promising thing for us, and that’s going to be nice for us heading forward. These last orders announced that are going to be shipping in FY 2028, that $7.2 million, as already disclosed, that is repeat orders. So they should come in at nice margins for us with relatively low install costs and so forth.

Sam Dufault, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: Yeah, that was going to be my follow-up question, given the order with the follow-on orders in the green energy side. So can you maybe allude to or provide some commentary on margins going forward, whether it’s 2028 or kind of if the current levels are sustainable or there’s room for growth going forward?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. You noticed probably in our commentary, we cautiously worded our margin expansion over the last two quarters. That was intentional because we knew we had some high ASP margin systems that were shipping to U.S., and we had some really excellent gross margins that came out in Q1 and Q2 as a result of that. That probably the coming quarter, maybe not quite as attractive because we don’t have those same high ASP systems in them. But what is exciting is what’s flowing into our backlog is, again, more of these high ASP, high volume production systems. So what we’re describing as unusually favorable right now, optimistically hoping that we take that unusual away as things go forward and we start to get more and more of orders that look like those orders where it won’t become unusual anymore.

We will have to see how that all plays out. That would be what I would hope to anticipate is more of that type of orders reaching us. High ASP, repeat orders where we are able to optimize the costs reaching us more commonly, so it does not become the unusual, it becomes the norm, hopefully. We will have to see how that all plays out.

Sam Dufault, Analyst, Oak Ridge Financial: Got it. Well, appreciate the commentary, and again, congrats on the quarter.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hey, thanks, Sam. Good talking to you.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: Our next question comes from Greg Weaver from Invicta Capital. Please go ahead with your question.

Greg Weaver, Analyst, Invicta Capital: Good morning. Thanks for doing the call and the questions here.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Morning, Greg.

Greg Weaver, Analyst, Invicta Capital: Hey, Steve. You touched on this a bit with your answer to Ted’s question, but maybe I’ll put a finer point on it. Could you characterize your visibility on your medical business continuing at these nice levels given the noted commercial manufacturing transition?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. I can say that the level of activity in our labs and the level of activity with our FDE team, the forward deployed engineering team, is very high. That’s both for existing successes that we’re actually out there implementing, to expand upon those with more production lines, as well as new products that are coming into the mix, which then would have the potential to mature into something where it becomes significant, with multiple lines, high volume manufacturing. The medical side is continuing to be one that is really progressing very nicely for us. It’s been exciting to see that we had this success with alt energy, making that transition very cleanly. Now we’re making it happen very successfully in the medical side. I would like to see that continue next on to the microelectronics side.

We have some pretty large systems in the microelectronics side, but I think they can become significantly larger also. It’s kind of taking one chunk off at a time, for where we have the most expertise in those areas, but we’re gaining that expertise very quickly because of that new forward deployed engineering team, that we got some really smart guys in that area that know their business.

Greg Weaver, Analyst, Invicta Capital: Excellent. All right. Yeah, you’ve filled that giant hole from the alternative energy there nicely, but it doesn’t show on the top line, but you can see it in the segments for sure. How about, kind of related to that, on the spares and repairs side of things, you’re on this about $4 million-ish run rate right now. But I guess with the transition of these larger production systems, you think there’ll be a pickup in that business, especially some of these medical systems come off warranty?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. We just actually had this conversation yesterday. That’s part of what’s exciting about these high volume, multi-system orders going out there in the field. I think we’ll see two significant things happen. One is high volume production orders. First, these machines can’t be down ever. It’s not like an R&D machine. So having things like calibration contracts and service contracts in place are much more likely to be welcomed because there’s a higher level of criticality to make sure everything’s running perfect. Even through government agencies like the FDA, there’s a higher level of scrutiny to make sure that you have things like your machines calibrated, which comes at a cost. So we would anticipate, as these machines fall out of warranty, these newer high volume production machines, that we will start to see a reoccurring revenue stream start to fold into our process.

That’s been one of the things that we’ve been spending a lot of time on, is trying to get a real steady, significant services-related reoccurring revenue stream. We’re optimistic thinking that that will be the start of something significant for us in the coming year as these machines start to fall out of warranty for us. There should be also associated a fairly nice spare parts business there also. Both are spare parts being kept on the shelf because they’re critical lines that can’t be down, as well as just normal consumables that will wear over time. Because most, again, these lines in general, many of them run three shifts a day, 24 hours, seven days a week. So the wear on them is significant, and over periods of time, they should start to need replacement parts and support as well.

The larger the fleet we have out there in the field, the larger potential revenue stream we should see from services, coming from that as well.

Greg Weaver, Analyst, Invicta Capital: Excellent. Yeah. It’s good to see a nice revenue base build up here. On that note, you’ve made a lot of investments over the past few years as you’ve readied the business to do this rinse and repeat, production orders, larger systems. Could we talk a little bit maybe about what you foresee as operating leverage from this $22 million run rate? What should we think about as flow through for incremental dollars of sales? How much should we see go down to the bottom line?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. I got to believe we’re going to see, and again, we’ll see how it flows up, but I’ve got to believe we’re going to see some significant leverage here, at least from this next phase, from that $22 million to, say, $40 million area. There shouldn’t be a lot of significant extra costs there. It’s going to flow through. In all honesty, I don’t really know how far it’s going to flow through and how much of an impact is going to happen, but it’s got to happen. We certainly don’t need to be increasing costs for a lot of things here, other than direct personnel building these machines. We’ve got so much accomplished already there.

The one area, though, outside of that we will continue to really be investing heavily, which will increase our costs, would be in that forward deployed engineering team area, because I just believe that that’s really a key aspect to having customers that are very attached to our hip and loyal to us, and they really recognize the benefit that we’re bringing.

Greg Weaver, Analyst, Invicta Capital: Sure. Yeah. It’s definitely shown to be a good investment. Makes sense. Just one last one for me. You highlighted this optics order for defense and then kind of made a comment off the cuff about you were bullish on defense. Can you talk a little bit about what you’re seeing there and maybe what’s the use case for this particular system you sold?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. This particular one, I can’t say too much with it being a defense sector area, but there is lots of optics-related technologies when it comes to flying objects. They’re all over it, and they all need sensors and different type of optics-related things that have to happen on them. We see that there’s a market there’s a demand there. It’s growing. We see our technology has some really good fits for several of the applications. It’s not an area that we presently, say, go to defense sector trade shows or market very heavily to it. Even if you look at our website, you don’t see a defense sector chunk of our website, which I suspect there probably should be something that we’re more focused to that sector. It’s kind of one of those ideal candidates for us.

We’re always looking for markets that are high tech, that are not so price sensitive, that we can get the margins that we hope for in them, and the defense sector certainly falls in that category. It may require us to do a little bit of work on some of our internal requirements of how we maintain and keep documents. The defense sector requires some special compliances in that area. But they’re all areas that after a little bit of investment, we could comply. So we’re looking at that as well. I wouldn’t be surprised in, say, another quarter or so if you’re like, "Oh, Sono-Tek now has another tab in addition to clean energy, microelectronics, and medical. Now they have a tab that says defense sector." We’ll start advertising and focusing on areas that we know we’ve had some proven successes in.

Greg Weaver, Analyst, Invicta Capital: Great. Appreciate that. Keep up the good work. Thanks.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hey, good talking.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: Our next question comes from Karen Nyawira from Encore Holdings Group. Please go ahead with your question.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hi, Karen, you with us still?

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: Karen, is it possible your phone is on mute? We’ll move on to Jason Rasner from Umbershaw Holdings. Please go ahead with your question.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: Good morning. Thanks for taking the questions, and I appreciate the call. It’s getting long, so I’ll try to keep it quick.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: No problem.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: Maybe just similarly, focusing for a second on the semiconductor and microelectronic side. I think I saw you guys are currently at SEMICON West, and then also going to SEMICON Europa. In defense, you said you kind of don’t participate in the trade shows. I don’t really remember you doing much participation in the events in semiconductors either in the past. So just wondering if maybe you could talk about that opportunity kind of specifically in semi. Is it entirely spray coating of photoresist? Or is it mostly the alternative substrates, kind of 200 mm below, or you’ve also moving up to 300 mm wafer stuff?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Sure.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: I just thought there’s a lot of interest in optical components in semi as well as defense, so just any kind of color there.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah, sure. It’s a very broad area for us, broader than I actually recognized myself even when we first started jumping into it, because in the beginning, I thought it was all photoresist. But what we are recognizing as we start to introduce products that are high-volume manufacturing capable, all of a sudden, we are starting to receive inquiries in areas that are outside of photoresist. I can’t go into, unfortunately, too much detail because they’re super tight-lipped with confidentialities and NDAs in this particular industry, because this is usually on most of the next gen chips that are being used in the AI world. So they really tight-lipped us on very much what we do there.

But we think there’s both areas for our continued marketplace for photoresist, both in 200 mm, which we’re already attacking, but also making a shift towards larger 300 mm wafers and trying to bring that from the lab and low-volume production area to the fab area. That’s going to be our focus at SEMICON Europa. SEMICON West that we’re at right now, we’re not so much focusing on that because it’s just a little bit too early, just a few months too early, but we will be focusing on that in SEMICON Europa. But I firmly believe there will be more applications outside of photoresist as well that may actually even pull us there into the larger 300 mm area, maybe even faster than the planned photoresist area.

There’s a lot of unique thin film processes that take place in that whole semiconductor manufacturing area, and all we need is to find two or three of them that are like, "Oh, that’s a perfect fit for Sono-Tek." These are companies in general that would not have even asked us to be that fit if we didn’t now have the capabilities that we have today, because they’re not even interested in talking to somebody unless you’ve proven it that you can work in super high volume production. But now they see that, all right, this company has made that transition where they can provide us the appropriate equipment if the application is successful. So we do have some things happening on the laboratory area to prove for high volume manufacturing, and that’s the main thing, that they want proof to transition into high volume manufacturing capabilities.

I think although it’s not as short-term as, say, medical or alt energy, but I think that’s on the horizon as maybe even the potentially largest sector for us to come in the future. It’s just the one that we’ve kind of approached third in line here for our focus, but it’s now rising up to the surface for us here in this coming year.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: Is it sort of process steps that are finally needing higher technology, thin film kind of precision requirements? Or is it process steps that sort of never existed before? I guess it sounds like you don’t quite have the pilot lines yet where you could see that progression similar with the solar customer, where it could pull you forward into kind of production spending or the fab more quickly. It sounds like it’s kind of maybe an inning or two earlier.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: That’s probably right. They’re to the point where they are saying, "Hey, let us come to your lab, prove this works, and then Sono-Tek design the machine for us to meet high volume production." I don’t think we’ll have to go to the extent of, say, doing pilot line, because we have, I think, enough credibility now that they would say, "Hey, just make us production machines for these sort of applications." They do recognize that our technology is unique enough that they’re able to do things that they are not able to do with their existing coating technologies. That’s, I think, the primary driver. To answer your question, whether it’s new or existing processes, it’s typically a processes that is not working that well for them. They’re getting away with it, trying, but they’re like, "We really don’t like what we’re doing today.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: Yeah

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Sono-Tek is showing them, "Oh, we can solve the headaches that you may have. Let us prove that to you.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: Just in terms of timing, though, I guess my question a little bit is with kind of the highest technology edge of AI chips, stuff that’s going into data centers, kind of optical components, all that stuff, things tend to move really quickly when a technology is kind of unique in solving a problem that hasn’t. I guess, how do you evaluate kind of the speed at which some of these could potentially turn into real opportunities kind of quicker or kind of not so fast?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: I think speed for the next gen, like the next rev, will be very quick to give us the thumbs up or thumbs down, like that, hey, this meets the need. Speed in general for actual implementation, once you have a proven known good processes, does tend to be a little bit slower, believe it or not, in that semiconductor industry, where they tend to move very quickly on proven methodologies and are a little more cautious on things that have been only lab proven or pilot line proven. I suspect for a really significant impact, we may be out one, two years, maybe even three years for a really significant impact for the point where they’re saying, "Hey, I want to buy 10 of these machines to go into this fab." I think we could be looking a few years out.

But I think we’ll start to see some level of impact relatively quick from the standpoint of, oh, we got our first machine in or we got the first couple machines in for this new processes. That we will be able to, I think, get under our belt relatively quickly, meaning within, say, like a year or something along those lines.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: Okay. Just following up on the question you got on operating leverage. Obviously in the quarter and I guess the outlook for the second half of the fiscal year, you’re kind of getting through this gap of tougher order period before you sort of have this bigger resumption of growth in FY 2028. Obviously, had stepped up the marketing spend. I guess it’s around $1 million a quarter. Leveraged that up pretty nicely in Q1, kind of less so in this quarter and maybe the outlook presumably for the second half. Is this going to be, you have to carry that cost because you’re seeing pretty significant benefits but aren’t going to have the revenue at least for a quarter or two. Is that kind of the right way to be thinking about it?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: I think so. We are now starting to say, "Hey, in order to really accelerate things, we have to start making some more significant investments prior to that." And we’ve got the money, and we’re profitable enough that we could say, "Hey, double down on this bet." Do you really want to only hire one or two guys in this area when you could hire four and get a much more significant benefit in a year from now? Although the short term Q1 or Q3, Q4, it may not be as attractive in margins as, say, like the earlier first half, but right behind that is going to be orders that we’re anticipating will be higher revenue, and it should, based upon our existing backlogs, looking like maybe better margin orders as well.

I’m hoping that we’ll see more of that fall into the backlog of these high ASP, high volume orders, which give really good gross margins. We still have a pretty good amount of time left in this current fiscal year to fill up next fiscal year. I’m hoping that we’ll see this. We need to make these large high ASP orders not happen twice a year. We need to make them be happening every month. That’s our strategy that we need to get to that point.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: When you talk about the ASP progression and kind of the high ASP orders, I guess in the past, you sort of delineated it between orders less than $75,000, kind of have that middle range, $75,000 to $150,000, and then the upper range of over $150,000. Is the $150,000 kind of still a good gauge of a commercial? I guess, how do I square that versus a $7 million order? Is there kind of big R&D orders that kind of get lumped into the high ASP versus it sounds like what you’re really trying to do is kind of move up into this systems aggregator where you have much bigger orders than, let’s say, $150,000. So it’s a bit hard to tell from that progression chart.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah, you’re right. Perhaps we should break out another segment in there of the $150,000 to, say, $500,000, and then have the $500,000 and over, possibly. Some of these larger orders, like take this last $7.2 million order. That’s 10 machines, but they’re each around $700,000. So, they’re not even million-dollar machines, but they’re significantly large machines. There’s quantity 10 of them. That’s because it’s a mature customer shipping a lot of machines. The order prior to that for $3.6 million was a single manufacturing line, and that’s a customer that was buying machines that was around $700,000, $800,000. They probably could have been buying, even back when we sold them $700,000, $800,000 machines, they could have been buying machines that were $3.6 million from us had we had the capabilities at that time.

In an ideal world, when that customer says, "I want three or five machines," and I don’t know when that will be. That’s going to be driven by their manufacturing needs, that we won’t be selling three or five $700,000 or $800,000 machines. We’ll be selling three or five $3.6 million machines. So continuing to drive that ASP higher and higher is super vital for our strategy. Right now, what we’re seeing is the high ASP orders are more coming in through the mid area, that $500,000, $700,000 single price ASP machine, but they’re coming through for lots of them. Ultimately, we certainly would like to see those coming through for a million-plus, maybe even $2 million-plus order machines.

That’s going to be a super important part of our strategy, to make those machines offer this customer so much capabilities and so much incentive to want to buy the whole existing platform with as much as we can provide, will be very important to drive the company’s growth.

Jason Rasner, Analyst, Umbershaw Holdings: Okay. When you talk about the capacity kind of going from that, I guess mid 20s to mid 30s to maybe using the last bay, mid 40s, and then you kind of have that next phase where you sort of talked about like 40 to 80. But when you think about the capacity versus the orders, when you’re going from, let’s say, a $700,000 ASP machine to a $3 million because you’re adding on various capabilities, I’m assuming a lot of those capabilities are things that your forward deployed engineering team is kind of aggregating together, but things you’re not necessarily making in-house. I guess, how do you kind of square some of that with what you’re talking about with capacity?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. You hit the nail on the head. It’s definitely not equipment that we are making, say, the core components in-house, but we’re doing all the systems integration, which is very significant. Even more so, we’re doing the application engineering process integration. So understanding, for example, what type of post-cleaning process or after a curing process, and how to do, say, a measurement machine in the process and what type of measurement machine. So the FDE team becomes these experts in not just applying a thin film coating, but it’s how to measure the coating, how to clean the product prior, how to cure the product after. So it’s a very difficult, challenging area unless you have that applications know-how.

No one really wants to buy those machines from somebody else other than Sono-Tek, because we’re the only one that’s going to prove to them that what we spec in will work for your particular coating need. And they’re willing to pay a premium in order to get rid of that risk where they have to try to figure it out themselves. But it then also then drastically reduces our time to be able to figure out how to make that particular product and become experts in everything. And for sure, as we sell more and more of a particular expertise, then we certainly would consider bringing it in-house. But we certainly prefer to become experts in understanding it before we consider manufacturing it.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: And our next question, once again, is Karen Nyawira from Encore Holdings Group. Karen, please go ahead with your question. And once again

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hi, Karen. You there?

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: Once again, Karen, is it possible your phone is on mute? We are unable to hear you.

Karen Nyawira, Analyst, Encore Holdings Group: I am not on mute, but I’m

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Oh, I hear you now.

Karen Nyawira, Analyst, Encore Holdings Group: Okay.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: I hear you, Karen. How you doing?

Karen Nyawira, Analyst, Encore Holdings Group: I’m good. Thank you so much. I wanted to follow up on the earlier discussions where some of the other people on the call have touched upon the go-to-market motion. I think I want to understand anything with the forward deployed engineers. We said we have 4 available. I’m curious if they are assigned by industry or industry agnostic. Then maybe a second quick follow-up to that is maybe how many accounts or how many clients is each forward deployed engineer associated with?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Sure. I should specify, there’s actually 3 forward deployed engineers, but 4 in the group. There’s also a project manager that works with that forward deployed engineering team that helps to coordinate everything coming in. That’s the area where we’re considering bringing in more of the forward deployed engineers. These are guys that have in-depth experience in both ultrasonic coating, but also equipment integration and the processes. Most of them have gone through the area for the application engineering area for many, many years. It would be common for a mature, proven application, something that we consider, oh, this has got high priority for it to shift from our existing application engineering team, which has typically already proven things in the lab for the customer.

They say, "Listen, this group is now ready to scale." We are going to then shift that customer over to the FDE team for them to show them how we can scale into production for their requirements. It would be typical for them to work on maybe two to three major accounts, possibly that are orders in-house to some level, while also feeding in, every month, maybe one to two other proposals that they would be putting together for new potential customers. They might look at a dozen things or maybe even two dozen things potentially per year. Some of them only may be taking a day, but some of them stretching over several months, maybe even a full year for a very big one.

For example, this last $7.2 million order, that engineer there, he has been working with that customer on and off probably 25% of his time for three years, and that customer has given us, in the area of now $14 million of orders, something in that area. We anticipate and hope for more orders from that customer also. He will probably actually always be into that account 25% of his time, as long as the customer is still moving forward with us. It’s not a huge group, and that’s why it’s critical that as we start to see and get pulled in by enough customers where we say, "Oh, we could really use two more forward deployed engineers," it’s really very easy bets to make. They’re low-risk bets for us to say big return.

So far, that strategy seems to be working nicely.

Karen Nyawira, Analyst, Encore Holdings Group: Okay, then quick last question. It takes care of your forward deployed engineers that are reporting to the project manager. Who is the project manager reporting to?

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah. The project manager is more coordination for the forward deployed engineering team. It is kind of a support role, I would describe it, for the forward deployed engineering team, so they can be spending their time on the really hardcore technical stuff, where the project manager is more likely just to coordinate how we are going to be deploying what the forward deployed engineers has already decided. One more time with the question there. Apologies, Karen Nyawira.

Karen Nyawira, Analyst, Encore Holdings Group: Here, I just want to understand the reporting structure, right? Because I think that at least what was missing for me in one of the discussions that I have had is that, it seems as if maybe there might be an information flow gap between the forward deployed engineering team and maybe like sales in terms of being able to predict or understand when the orders come next. So I am trying to understand that reporting.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Yeah, sure. The forward deployed engineers, they report to our application engineering manager, who actually manages two teams. He manages the application engineering team, which is, again, those are the guys that are taking orders into the lab, proving it primarily on the R&D level, and feeding it back to the customers for R&D machines. Then he, with consulting with the sales team, will make a decision and say, "Hey, this is a significant opportunity that is ready to shift from R&D to production." Then they feed it off to the forward deployed engineering team.

Once it reaches the forward deployed engineering team, and if it does turn into an order, we actually then have another team that comes in and says, "All right, this is going to be a significant production system going through our processes." So we have to then get the quality system in and everybody else from a manufacturing standpoint of how we are going to build the machines and how we are going to do it at an economical cost, of course.

Karen Nyawira, Analyst, Encore Holdings Group: Okay. Thank you. Thank you so much.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Hey, nice talking to you, Karen.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: With that, we’ll be concluding today’s question and answer session. I’d like to turn the floor back over to management for any closing remarks.

Steve Harshbarger, CEO and President, Sono-Tek Corporation: Sure. Let me just see here. Apologize, long conversations there. I just want to thank everybody today for joining us. I hope you enjoyed the conference call, and we look forward to updating you again at the end of the fiscal year. Thanks again for everybody that joined the conference call. Take care.

Jamie, Conference Specialist, Conference Services: And with that, ladies and gentlemen, we will be concluding today’s conference call and presentation. We thank you for joining. You may now disconnect your lines.